Telecommunication is the technique of transmitting a message from one point or place to another with the typical additional attribute of being bi-directional. In practice it also recognizes that something may be lost in the process; hence the term telecommunication covers all forms of distance communications, including radio, telegraphy, television, telephony, data communication and computer networking.
Telecommunication is the extension of communication over a distance. The elements of a telecommunication system are a transmitter, a medium (line) and possibly a channel imposed upon the medium and a receiver. The transmitter is a device that transforms or encodes the message into a physical phenomenon; the signal. The transmission medium, by its physical nature, is likely to modify or degrade the signal on its path from the transmitter to the receiver. The receiver has a decoding mechanism capable of recovering the message within certain limits of signal degradation. In some cases, the final "receiver" is the human eye and/or ear (or in some extreme cases other sense organs) and the recovery of the message is done by the brain. One of the roles of the telecommunications engineer is to analyse the physical properties of the line or transmission medium, and the statistical properties of the message in order to design the most effective encoding and decoding mechanisms. Telecommunication can be point-to-point, point-to-multipoint or broadcasting, which is a particular form of point-to-multipoint that goes only from the transmitter to the receivers.
Accessing telecommunication technology and the broad range of services behind it has been an ongoing challenge for people with disabilities. With technology continually changing and mobile phones shrinking in size, the gap between people with disabilities and telecommunication technology has grown. But up to a great extent telecommunication inventions and technologies helped people with disabilities in an efficient manner and by the great inventions in telecommunication field people with disabilities overcome on their problems. Modern telecommunication systems are capable of transmitting telephone, fax, data, radio, or television signals.Telecommunication systems can transmit large volumes of information over long distances. Digital transmission is employed in order to achieve high reliability with minimal noise or interference and because it can transmit any signal type, digital or analog. For digital transmission, analog signals must be subjected to a process of analog-to-digital conversion. Most television, radio, and voice communications are analog and must be digitized before transmission. Transmission may occur over cables, wireless radio relay systems, or via satellite links.
Emergency Telephone Numbers and Their Role
An emergency is a situation that poses an instant threat to human life or possessions though this description may be different in some areas. Deliberate bogus reports of an emergency are usually prosecuted as an offense. One should call for help any time there is a danger for life or public order. The emergency telephone number is a special case in the country's telephone number sketch.
The emergency telephone number differs from country to country. It is typically a three-digit number (though not always), so that it can be easily remembered and dialed quickly. Some countries have a different emergency number for each of the different emergency services; these often differ only by the last digit. The three main and best known emergency call services are fire brigade, police and ambulance. Other available services include coastguards, mountain rescue and cave rescue (where locally applicable). Some situations such as a major car accident or a terrorist attack will require multiple and/or expert services but the first point of call for coverage such incidents from the general public is still the 9-9-9 system. The number is operated by British Telecom for the Home Office. The operator may also be able to offer help over the phone until the emergency service staff arrive. 9-9-9 is the United Kingdom 's Emergency telephone number along with the EU standard 1-1-2 . Either number can be used but people always refer to 9-9-9. If you are using a mobile phone which is out of range, dial 112. This will connect you directly to emergency services even if you do not have network coverage.
Use of emergency number is always intended to be used only in an emergency. For usual and non-urgent enquiries one should use the normal telephone for the particular emergency service. These are normally listed in the local telephone directory. In the United Kingdom , for example, the number 0845 46 47 can also be dialed for NHS Direct, a non-emergency medical service. Routine and non-urgent calls as well as trick or nonconformist calls to emergency services numbers waste the time of both dispatchers and emergency responders and can cause danger to lives. False reports of emergencies are often put on trial as crimes.
Regional Emergency Numbers
Anywhere in the world one can call an emergency telephone number for emergency help. These numbers include:
"911” in North America
”999" or “112” in the United Kingdom
“112" in Europe
"000” in Australia
"111” in New Zealand
"119" in parts of Asia
One may also dial the operator (often by dialing "0") and state clearly that it is an emergency. Within the European Union and on GSM mobile phone networks 112 can be used in count to any local emergency number.
Telecommunications Future
Telecommunications has become one of the most important infrastructures that are very essential to the socio-economic well-being of any nation. The globalization of world economy has further amplified the importance of telecommunications to the economy. The telecommunication sector is one of the fastest-growing. Telecommunications is at a crossroads, local telephone companies threatened by wireless communication. Voice over IP challenges established structures of pricing and taxation.
The future success of telecommunication services will be determined by a carrier's ability to better understand the opposed needs of various types of consumer and business customers, providing substitute services modified to the needs of each market. Those networks that offer user-integrated applications and whose providers aggressively market their network services will thrive in the years ahead. Furthermore, it is not inevitably the technology linked with the network design that will guarantee its business success, but rather the application solutions and marketing strategies of the industry participants. The accomplishment or collapse of a carrier will be determined by the effective promotion of networks as incorporated business system solutions. The different types of network architectures used in communications networks, including existing networks and newer technology still being deployed. Insight examines the capabilities of each network, their investment costs, subscribers, future directions, and convergence migration, providing a thorough analysis of network architecture evolution.
In our assessment of which networks will dominate the future of telecom, we have excavated it from current developments. We believe the market forces accelerating the pace of change and investment in telecommunications will be inhibited by the industry's ability to attract deep-seated ideas. The likely result of current market will be enlarging segmentation of the market, with diverse structure helping different segments of the user and business markets.
Wireless Telecommunication
The whole lot you assumed about telecommunications is about to change. Large wired and wireless telephone companies will be replaced by micro operators. Over last few decades, telecommunications has enjoyed three key changes, each a real age. The first, was digital. The second was packet switching. The third was wireless. All has stimulated several primary modernizations. The first key was multimedia. The second, key was connectivity. And the third key was purposeful mobility. Today's wireless providers are about to make a small, almost irrelevant change, moving to the so called third generation of wireless. Three things make this wireless structuring so appealing. First, its surfacing and development which are spreading. While wireless telecommunication and other information linked technologies have vastly gained widespread levels of acceptance. Many of these technologies regularly used by the regular population. Mobile wireless technologies are quickly rising as an important new standard to send and receive data, text, voice and video. In short, wireless equipment are likely to become a vital element of every day life, and without contact to these technologies, people with disabilities may find themselves more and more barred from numerous actions. In the area of technological enhancement in telecommunication have provided our society with the way to direct a more autonomous, knowledgeable and suitable way of life. These devices potentially suggest improved values of living for persons with substantial or cognitive disabilities.
Cellular innovations can also provide warning before disasters take place. Wireless technology has found a humanitarian role in providing help to adversity victims. As established during the southeast Asian tsunami calamity, wireless technology has the reach and nearness to help aid, salvage, and pull through disaster victims. As wireless technology continues to go forward and reproduce into more distant areas of the world, such uses for cell phones and other mobile devices will only increase.
Global Telecom
Global Telecommunications in today's proceed technology have led to swift growth and changeable degrees of specialization and domain expertise. Over the past numerous years, the Global Telecommunications has made a robust performance in the world. The ability to supply telecommunications services in the region has improvised significantly over the past decades with the creation of new infrastructure and fully digital systems. Today many different companies are using heavy bandwidth on long distances to communicate to each other through voice, internet, and video conferencing by installing an inter-regional fiber optic network that links different states to each other. Highly focused companies with a small number of strongly positioned businesses fared much better than diversified companies over the last decade.Wireless leadership in mobile handsets, for instance, resulted from the company's decision to shrink in order to grow from a refocused core. As a result winning strategies will be a shift to economics and away from traditional local customer relationships.
In general telecommunication technology advancing rapidly, most have begun to realize the importance of competition, that is why they are vigilant to achieve global standards by filling vacuum any where with in the infrastructureBusiness Phone Services
Phone service plays a vital role in any business. It is very important to stay in touch with the clients all the time. Today a simple two way radio has turned into a complex tool that is used by everyone through technological advances. The telecommunication industry is always growing and changing. It is now possible to choose between a range of phone service providers for phone lines and equipment providers for telephone handsets, faxes and switchboards. Some providers offer both analog and digital services to provide a wider coverage area. For people who usually travel for businesses, dual mode phone would be the best choice. These phones can switch from analog to digital on the fly, if the signal is dropped. The basics of these phones and services is to provide more reliable means of communication, this way business people don’t have to worry about losing important calls. For cross-country drivers, regional or national coverage phone services would be better.
While choosing any phone service you must see the coverage area map. The map can be found on the website of the services provider or from various telecommunication accessories stores. It would be better, if you find the user of the service, you are planning to buy for your business. There are many telecommunication forums available on internet where you can discuss the pros and cons of the phone services.
Before choosing a phone service provider find out what phone services are available and how much will they cost. For example, the cost, including rental of equipment, line and call charges and call facilities such as call waiting whether cheaper rates are offered for particular payment methods, for example, if you pay by direct debit what standards the phone service providers offer, for example, standards for repairs, or extra help for older or disabled customers the phone service providers’ policies, for example, on debt and disconnection. Each phone service provider issues a Code of Practice that covers issues like repairs, maintenance, disconnection and their complaints procedure. Check the Code of Practice before choosing a service provider.
Given the rapid changes in technology and service offerings, it is hard to make a long term recommendation. Choosing a phone service is totally dependant on your business communication requirements. Choose the phone service that best represents your business needs.
Toll Free Numbers
Toll Free Numbers allow callers to get in touch with your business without having to pay for the call themselves and increase response from your customers. They can be a powerful sales and promotion tool as well as an fundamental part of customer service that many clients have come to expect. Toll-free numbers are also useful as an internal communications tool, giving traveling people an inexpensive way to call the office or access their voicemail when they're on the road. Inbound toll-free service is often less expensive than calling card rates.
Toll free number is very essential for product oriented companies. People may hesitate to pay a toll for placing an order. For service oriented companies like ISP, Telecommunication, toll free number is must for technical support. These companies usually encourage customers for their feedbacks.
Companies providing toll Free Phone Number service must make sure that all calls are being answered. Usually toll free numbers are too busy; people usually have to wait for their turn. If you are involved in several businesses, you should have a separate line for each one.
Toll free numbers help companies a lot in knowing customer perspective about their company and products. It also enhances the image of the company with customers calling them. It is easies to call than to write letters or emails. By using these numbers companies can easily know the customer satisfaction level. Marketing people can design better campaigns to attract more customers and production or manufacturing department can modify the products as per customer taste. As far as the customer interaction is concerned, toll free numbers has become a very important part for any business.
Toll-Free Phone Number Services
- You can use your existing phone lines for toll-free service.
- Blocks calls from areas where you don't provide service.
- Dialed number identification service specifies which toll-free number the caller dialed. This can help you track responses from particular ad campaigns that use one of your toll-free numbers.
- Automatic Number Identification Service provides caller ID for toll-free numbers.
- You can use access codes with your toll-free number, allowing access only to callers who input the correct code. This is useful when you have a number reserved for specific clients or for employees calling in from the road.
Telephone Fraud
Telephone is an increasingly significant marketing tool for legitimate business, and telemarketing in an important, growing industry. But the telephone in the wrong hands is also becoming a very effective tool to defraud innocent consumers. Be cautious, because there is a new kind of spurious caller fraud about that does not involve a caller on your approach. Fraudsters have been found to be making spontaneous calls to homes, pretending to be your own bank. The spurious calls will sound like a real enquiry from your bank by asking you to confirm your personal details such as your bank account details. In this way, the criminals can get your credit card information and use it to make purchases on your account.
Tips to Avoid Telephone Fraud
• Always use common sense. If you have a gut feeling that something isn't legitimate, you're probably right.
• Make sure the company has a phone number and physical address. Call the company back. Check with Information to see if the phone number actually belongs to that company.
• If you receive a telephone call which sounds suspicious, you should ask for the caller's name and contact number and return their call this will help to prevent such a crime occuring.
• If you receive a telephone call at your home or company and the caller tells you he is an employee of the phone company and needs your help testing your telephone line. They kindly inform you that to properly test your line, you need to dial a certain set of numbers and then simply hang up the phone.
• Under no circumstances should you give out any personal details without having formally verified the identity of the caller.
• If you do make calling card calls in public places (especially airports, bus stations, etc.), always cover the dialing area with your free hand as you key in your numbers.
• If you lose and unable to find your cell phone, instantly call your delivery service and ask them to put a temporary hold on your account that will disable the use of the phone.
